strain

英 [streɪn]

美 [streɪn]

n.  压力; 重负; 重压之下出现的问题(或担忧等); 拉力; 张力; 应力; 劳损; 拉伤; 扭伤
v.  损伤; 拉伤; 扭伤; 尽力; 竭力; 使劲; 过度使用; 使不堪承受

复数：strains　现在分词：straining　过去分词：strained　过去式：strained　第三人称单数：strains　

CET4CET6考研TOEFLIELTSTEM4TEM8

Oxford 3000 / Collins.3 / BNC.2749 / COCA.3659

同义词辨析

tensionpressurestrainstress【导航词义：紧张，压力】

习惯用语

v.

strain at the leash
• 急于；迫不及待
  to want to do sth very much
• Like all youngsters, he's straining at the leash to leave home.
  跟所有年轻人一样，他也急于从家里出去。
strain every nerve/sinew (to do sth)
• 竭尽全力（做某事）
  to try as hard as you can to do sth
creak under the strain
• 因负担过重而效率低下；由于压力过大而运转不灵
  if a system or service creaks under the strain , it cannot deal effectively with all the things it is expected to do or provide

牛津词典

noun

担忧；焦虑 worry/anxiety
• 压力；重负；重压之下出现的问题（或担忧等）
  pressure on sb/sth because they have too much to do or manage, or sth very difficult to deal with; the problems, worry or anxiety that this produces
  1. Their marriage is under great strain at the moment.
     眼下他们的婚姻关系非常紧张。
  2. These repayments are putting a strain on our finances.
     偿还这些债务对我们的财务状况形成了压力。
  3. Relax, and let us take the strain (= do things for you) .
     你歇一下，我们来顶一会儿。
  4. The transport service cannot cope with the strain of so many additional passengers.
     运输部门无法应对临时增加这么多乘客所带来的紧张局面。
  5. You will learn to cope with the stresses and strains of public life.
     你要学会怎样应付公众人物生活的紧张和辛劳。
  6. I found it a strain having to concentrate for so long.
     我觉得这么长时间全神贯注挺累的。
物理压力 physical pressure
• 压力；拉力；张力；应力
  the pressure that is put on sth when a physical force stretches, pushes, or pulls it
  1. The rope broke under the strain .
     绳子给拉断了。
  2. You should try not to place too much strain on muscles and joints.
     你要尽量不让肌肉和关节太吃力。
  3. The ground here cannot take the strain of a large building.
     这块地承受不住大型建筑的压力。
  4. The cable has a 140kg breaking strain (= it will break when it is stretched or pulled by a force greater than this) .
     这种缆索的断裂应变力为140公斤。
损伤 injury
• 劳损；拉伤；扭伤
  an injury to a part of your body, such as a muscle, that is caused by using it too much or by twisting it
  1. a calf/groin/leg strain
     腿肚子 / 腹股沟 / 腿部拉伤
  2. muscle strain
     肌肉劳损
动植物 / 疾病种类 type of plant/animal/disease
• （动、植物的）系，品系，品种；（疾病的）类型
  a particular type of plant or animal, or of a disease caused by bacteria, etc.
  1. a new strain of mosquitoes resistant to the poison
     对这种毒药有抗药性的新品种蚊子
  2. This is only one of the many strains of the disease.
     这种病有许多类型，这只是其中之一。
性格 in sb's character
• 个性特点；性格倾向；禀性
  a particular tendency in the character of a person or group, or a quality in their manner
  1. He had a definite strain of snobbery in him.
     他这个人明显有一股势利小人的气味。
音乐 of music
• 乐曲；曲调；旋律
  the sound of music being played or sung
  1. She could hear the strains of Mozart through the window.
     她能听见窗户里飘出的莫扎特的旋律。

verb

损伤 injure
• 损伤；拉伤；扭伤
  to injure yourself or part of your body by making it work too hard
  1. to strain a muscle
     拉伤肌肉
尽力 make effort
• 尽力；竭力；使劲
  to make an effort to do sth, using all your mental or physical strength
  1. I strained my ears (= listened very hard) to catch what they were saying.
     我竖起耳朵去听他们在说些什么。
  2. Necks were strained for a glimpse of the stranger.
     大家伸长了脖子想看一看这个陌生人。
  3. People were straining to see what was going on.
     人们翘首企足看发生了什么事。
  4. He burst to the surface, straining for air.
     他冲出水面，使劲吸气。
  5. Bend gently to the left without straining.
     轻轻向左弯，不要用力。
使达到极限 stretch to limit
• 过度使用；使不堪承受
  to try to make sth do more than it is able to do
  1. The sudden influx of visitors is straining hotels in the town to the limit.
     游客突然涌入，城里的旅馆全都爆满。
  2. His constant complaints were straining our patience.
     他没完没了的抱怨让我们忍无可忍。
  3. The dispute has strained relations between the two countries (= made them difficult) .
     这场争端使两国关系紧张起来。
用力推 / 拉 push/pull hard
• 用力推（或拉）；拉紧
  to push hard against sth; to pull hard on sth
  1. She strained against the ropes that held her.
     她使劲挣了挣拴着她的绳子。
  2. The dogs were straining at the leash , eager to get to the park.
     几条狗用力拽着皮带，急于要去公园。
过滤 separate solid from liquid
• 滤；过滤
  to pour food, etc. through sth with very small holes in it, for example a sieve , in order to separate the solid part from the liquid part
  1. Use a colander to strain the vegetables.
     把蔬菜放在漏筐里控控水。
  2. Strain off any excess liquid.
     滤掉多余的液体。

柯林斯词典

• N-VAR 压力;负担;重负
  Ifstrainis putonan organization or system, it has to do more than it is able to do.
  1. The prison service is already under considerable strain...
     监狱系统已经承受了巨大的压力。
  2. The vast expansion in secondary education is putting an enormous strain on the system.
     中等教育的大幅扩张正对该系统造成巨大压力。
  3. ...the credit crunch caused by strains on the banking system.
     银行系统在多重压力之下紧缩信贷
• VERB 使不堪承受;使紧张
  Tostrainsomething means to make it do more than it is able to do.
  1. The volume of scheduled flights is straining the air traffic control system...
     定期航班的数量正让空中交通指挥系统不堪重负。
  2. Resources will be further strained by new demands for housing.
     资源将因新的住房需求而变得更紧张。
• N-UNCOUNT (精神上的)压力，重负，紧张
  Strainis a state of worry and tension caused by a difficult situation.
  1. She was tired and under great strain.
     她身心疲惫，压力很大。
  2. ...the stresses and strains of a busy and demanding career.
     忙碌而辛苦的工作带来的巨大压力
• N-SING 带来压力的情况;造成紧张的因素
  If you say that a situation isa strain, you mean that it makes you worried and tense.
  1. I sometimes find it a strain to be responsible for the mortgage.
     我有时觉得背负这笔抵押贷款很有压力。
• N-UNCOUNT 应力;张力;拉力;作用力;压力
  Strainis a force that pushes, pulls, or stretches something in a way that may damage it.
  1. Place your hands under your buttocks to take some of the strain off your back...
     将手放在臀部下面，减轻背部的一些压力。
  2. A build-up of strain on a section of the San Andreas Fault has been detected.
     已经勘测到圣安德烈亚斯断层的其中一处所承受的拉力在增强。
• N-VAR (肌肉的)扭伤，拉伤，劳损
  Strainis an injury to a muscle in your body, caused by using the muscle too much or twisting it.
  1. Avoid muscle strain by warming up with slow jogging.
     先慢跑热热身，免得拉伤肌肉。
  2. ...a groin strain.
     腹股沟拉伤
• VERB 扭伤，拉伤，损伤(肌肉)
  If youstraina muscle, you injure it by using it too much or twisting it.
  1. He strained his back during a practice session.
     他在一次锻炼中扭伤了背部。
• VERB 努力做;竭力做;费力做事
  If youstrain todo something, you make a great effort to do it when it is difficult to do.
  1. I had to strain to hear...
     我不得不使劲去听。
  2. Several thousand supporters strained to catch a glimpse of the new president...
     几千名支持者翘首企盼能一睹新总统的风采。
  3. They strained their eyes, but saw nothing.
     他们瞪大了双眼，但什么也没看到。
• VERB 过滤;滤掉(食物中)的液体
  When youstrainfood, you separate the liquid part of it from the solid parts.
  1. Strain the stock and put it back into the pan.
     滤出原汁，将它放回到平底锅中。
• N-SING 气质;特性;风格;作风
  You can usestrainto refer to a particular quality in someone's character, remarks, or work.
  1. There was a strain of bitterness in his voice.
     他的声音听起来有些愤愤不平。
  2. ...this cynical strain in the book.
     该书中这种愤世嫉俗的意味
• N-COUNT (病菌的)类型;(植物或其他有机物的)系，品系，品种
  Astrain ofa germ, plant, or other organism is a particular type of it.
  1. Every year new strains of influenza develop.
     每年都有新的流感病毒出现。
  2. ...a particularly beautiful strain of Swiss pansies.
     一种格外美丽的瑞士三色堇
• N-PLURAL 旋律;曲调
  If you hear thestrains ofmusic, you hear music being played.
  1. She could hear the tinny strains of a chamber orchestra.
     她能听见室内管弦乐队尖细的旋律。
• See also:eye strainrepetitive strain injury

双语例句

• Every year new strains of influenza develop.
  每年都有新的流感病毒出现。
• The volume of scheduled flights is straining the air traffic control system
  定期航班的数量正让空中交通指挥系统不堪重负。
• They strained their eyes, but saw nothing.
  他们瞪大了双眼，但什么也没看到。
• Be aware of the terrible strain it can put on a child when you expect the best reports
  在期待孩子能取得最好成绩时，要当心这会给他们带来可怕的压力。
• When muscles are taut or cold there is more chance of injury or strain
  肌肉绷紧或受凉时更容易损伤。
• Place your hands under your buttocks to take some of the strain off your back
  将手放在臀部下面，减轻背部的一些压力。
• The vast expansion in secondary education is putting an enormous strain on the system.
  中等教育的大幅扩张正对该系统造成巨大压力。
• The strain of a violent ground campaign will exact a toll on troops.
  激烈的地面战役带来的紧张压力将让军队付出代价。
• Several thousand supporters strained to catch a glimpse of the new president
  几千名支持者翘首企盼能一睹新总统的风采。
• Avoid muscle strain by warming up with slow jogging.
  先慢跑热热身，免得拉伤肌肉。