started

英 [ˈstɑːtɪd]

美 [ˈstɑːrtɪd]

v.  开始，着手，动手(做或使用); (使)发生，开始进行; 开动; 发动; 启动
start的过去分词和过去式

柯林斯词典

• VERB 开始(做某事)
  If youstart todo something, you do something that you were not doing before and you continue doing it.
  1. John then unlocked the front door and I started to follow him up the stairs...
     约翰接着打开前门，我开始跟他上楼。
  2. It was 1956 when Susanna started the work on the garden...
     苏珊娜是从 1956 年开始修建这个花园的。
  3. She started cleaning the kitchen.
     她开始打扫厨房。
  4. Startis also a noun.
     
  5. After several starts, she read the report properly.
     经过几次断续后，她开始顺利地念报告了。
• V-ERG (使)开始;(使)发生
  When somethingstarts, or if someonestartsit, it takes place from a particular time.
  1. The fire is thought to have started in an upstairs room...
     火灾被认为是从楼上的一个房间里开始燃起的。
  2. The Great War started in August of that year...
     第一次世界大战于那年 8 月爆发。
  3. Trains start at 11.00 and an hourly service will operate until 16.00...
     火车 11 点开始发出，每小时一班，一直运营到 16 点。
  4. All of the passengers started the day with a swim.
     所有的乘客那天一开始就先游了个泳。
  5. Startis also a noun.
     
  6. ...1918, four years after the start of the Great War...
     1918 年，第一次世界大战爆发4年后
  7. She demanded to know why she had not been told from the start.
     她想知道为什么一开始没有告诉她。
• VERB (从…)开始;(从…)着手
  If youstart bydoing something, or if youstart withsomething, you do that thing first in a series of actions.
  1. I started by asking how many day-care centers were located in the United States...
     我一开始先问了问美国有多少所日托中心。
  2. He started with a good holiday in Key West, Florida.
     他先去佛罗里达的基韦斯特岛度了个愉快的假期。
• VERB 第一份工作是…
  You usestartto say what someone's first job was. For example, if their first job was that of a factory worker, you can say that theystarted asa factory worker.
  1. Betty started as a shipping clerk at the clothes factory...
     贝蒂的第一份工作是在服装厂里当运务员。
  2. Grace Robertson started as a photographer with Picture Post in 1947.
     格雷斯·罗伯逊于 1947 年参加工作，做了《图片邮报》杂志的一名摄影师。
  3. Start offmeans the same asstart.
     start off 同 start
  4. Mr. Dambar had started off as an assistant to Mrs. Spear's husband.
     丹巴尔先生的第一份工作是给斯皮尔夫人的丈夫当助理。
• See also:George Granger has started a health centre and I know he's looking for qualified staff...Now is probably as good a time as any to start a business.Start upmeans the same asstart.The cost of starting up a day care center for children ranges from $150,000 to $300,000...He said what a good idea it would be to start a community magazine up.start-up
• V-ERG 开动，发动(发动机、汽车、机器等)
  If youstartan engine, car, or machine, or if itstarts, it begins to work.
  1. He started the car, which hummed smoothly...
     他发动了汽车，车发出平稳的嗡嗡声。
  2. We were just passing one of the parking bays when a car's engine started.
     我们从一个停车区经过时，一辆车发动了引擎。
  3. Start upmeans the same asstart.
     start up 同 start
  4. He waited until they went inside the building before starting up the car and driving off...
     他一直等到他们走进大楼后才发动汽车开车离去。
  5. Put the key in the ignition and turn it to start the car up...
     将钥匙插进点火装置，然后转动钥匙发动汽车。
  6. The engine of the seaplane started up.
     水上飞机的发动机启动了。

Start,begin, andcommenceall have a similar meaning, althoughcommenceis more formal and is not normally used in conversation.The meeting is ready to begin... He tore the list up and started a fresh one... The space probe commenced taking a series of photographs.Note thatbegin,start, andcommencecan all be followed by an -ing form or a noun, but onlybeginandstartcan be followed by a 'to' infinitive.
start，begin和 commence 意思相近，但 commence 较正式，通常不会用在对话中，如：The meeting is ready to begin (会议就要开始了)，He tore the list up and started a fresh one (他把清单撕碎，开始另列一张)，The space probe commenced taking a series of photographs (空间探测器开始拍摄一系列照片)。要注意，begin，start 和 commence 后面都可以跟 -ing 形式或名词，但只有 begin 和 start 后面才能跟带 to 的不定式。

• VERB 惊起;吓一跳;激灵
  If youstart, your body suddenly moves slightly as a result of surprise or fear.
  1. She put the bottle on the table, banging it down hard. He started at the sound...
     她砰的一声把瓶子放到了桌子上，把他吓了一跳。
  2. Rachel started forward on the sofa. — 'You mean you've arrested Pete?'
     雷切尔从沙发上猛地往前一欠身子。——“你的意思是你已经抓到了皮特?”
  3. Startis also a noun.
     
  4. Sylvia woke with a start...
     西尔维亚猛然惊醒。
  5. He gave a start of surprise and astonishment.
     他被惊得浑身一激灵。
• See also:head startfalse start
• PHRASE 首先;第一
  You usefor a startorto start withto introduce the first of a number of things or reasons that you want to mention or could mention.
  1. You must get her name and address, and that can be a problem for a start...
     你必须先打听到她的姓名和地址，而那可能就是第一个难题。
  2. It comes as a surprise to be reminded that he is 70. For a start, he doesn't look it...
     有人提醒我他 70 岁了，这很令人惊讶。首先，他看上去不像。
  3. To start with, where and when did it happen?
     首先，这事发生在何时何地？
• PHRASE 开局顺利/开局不顺
  If youget off to a good start, you are successful in the early stages of doing something. If youget off to a bad start, you are not successful in the early stages of doing something.
  1. The new Prime Minister has got off to a good start, but he still has to demonstrate what manner of leader he is going to be...
     新首相上任后开了个好头，但他仍得展现出自己的执政风格。
  2. England got off to a bad start in the Five Nations' Championship, losing 35-10 to France.
     英格兰队在五国锦标赛中开局不利，以 10 比 35 输给了法国队。
• PHRASE (事情、过程等)开始时，一开始
  To start withmeans at the very first stage of an event or process.
  1. To start with, the pressure on her was very heavy, but it's eased off a bit now...
     一开始，她的压力很大，但现在已经好些了。
  2. Success was assured and, at least to start with, the system operated smoothly.
     成功有保证了，至少该系统一开始运行得挺顺利。
• in fits and starts→ see:fit

双语例句

• This has been my worst time for injuries since I started as a professional footballer
  这是我当职业足球运动员以来受伤来得最不是时候的一次。
• The play has already started.
  戏已经开场了。
• If they had started at two o'clock, they ought to have got there by now.
  他们如果是两点出发的，现在该到那儿了。
• I started to cry because I cut my finger
  我因为割破手指哭了起来。
• He got into the driving seat and started the engine.
  他坐上了驾驶员的位置发动了引擎。
• The meat had been left out for days and had started to smell.
  这肉放在外边已有好几天了，都开始有臭味了。
• I started spitting blood and my mother panicked.
  我开始吐血，我母亲吓坏了。
• I suppose he'll have started today.
  我算他今天该动身了。
• He started crying and I cried too. You should have seen us
  他哭了起来，我也哭了，你真该看看我俩的样子。
• I hung up the phone and started to cry
  我挂断电话，开始哭了起来。