ration

英 [ˈræʃn]

美 [ˈræʃn]

n.  (食品、燃料等短缺时的)配给量，定量; (给战士或食品短缺地区的人提供的)定量口粮; 正常量; 合理的量
v.  限定…的量; 定量供应; 配给

复数：rations　过去分词：rationed　现在分词：rationing　过去式：rationed　第三人称单数：rations　

TOEFLGREIELTSTEM8

Collins.1 / BNC.8465 / COCA.11504

同义词辨析

rationallocationquota【导航词义：配给量】

牛津词典

noun

• （食品、燃料等短缺时的）配给量，定量
  a fixed amount of food, fuel, etc. that you are officially allowed to have when there is not enough for everyone to have as much as they want, for example during a war
  1. the weekly butter ration
     每周的黄油配给量
• （给战士或食品短缺地区的人提供的）定量口粮
  a fixed amount of food given regularly to a soldier or to sb who is in a place where there is not much food available
  1. We're on short rations (= allowed less than usual) until fresh supplies arrive.
     在新的补给到达之前，我们的口粮定量不足。
  2. Once these latest rations run out, the country will again face hunger and starvation.
     最后这批口粮一旦用完，国家又要面临饥荒。
• 正常量；合理的量
  an amount of sth that is thought to be normal or fair
  1. As part of the diet, allow yourself a small daily ration of sugar.
     作为饮食的一部分，每天要摄入少量的糖。
  2. I've had my ration of problems for one day─you deal with it!
     我手头的问题已经够我忙活一天的了——你来处理这件事吧！

verb

• 限定…的量；定量供应；配给
  to limit the amount of sth that sb is allowed to have, especially because there is not enough of it available
  1. Eggs were rationed during the war.
     战争期间，鸡蛋限量供应。
  2. The villagers are rationed to two litres of water a day.
     村民每天的用水量限定为两升。

柯林斯词典

• N-COUNT 定量;配给量
  When there is not enough of something, yourrationof it is the amount that you are allowed to have.
  1. The meat ration was down to one pound per person per week...
     肉的配给量降到了每人每周一磅。
  2. They have begun to issue ration cards for basic necessities such as rice and flour.
     他们开始发行用来购买大米、面粉等生活基本必需品的定量配给卡。
• VERB （通常指由于紧缺）配给，定量供应
  When somethingis rationedby a person or government, you are only allowed to have a limited amount of it, usually because there is not enough of it.
  1. Staples such as bread, rice and tea are already being rationed...
     面包、大米和茶叶等日常必需品已实行配给。
  2. ...the decision to ration food...
     实行食物配给的决定
  3. Motorists will be rationed to thirty litres of petrol a month...
     汽车司机每月的油量将限定为30升。
  4. There's a black market in rationed goods.
     实行定量配给的商品存在黑市交易。
• N-PLURAL （给灾民或士兵的）给养，口粮
  Rationsare the food which is given to people who do not have enough food or to soldiers.
  1. Aid officials said that the first emergency food rations of wheat and oil were handed out here last month...
     救助官员说第一批紧急援助的小麦和食用油是上月发放到这里的。
  2. The Russian soldiers sampled the officers' rations and wolfed the superior food with delight.
     俄军士兵尝了一下长官的配给食物，然后高高兴兴地把那些高级食物一扫而光。
• N-COUNT 通常的量;定额
  Yourration ofsomething is the amount of it that you normally have.
  1. ...after consuming his ration of junk food and two cigarettes.
     他像往常那样吃完垃圾食品、吸了两根烟后
• See also:rationing

英英释义

noun

• the food allowance for one day (especially for service personnel)
  1. the rations should be nutritionally balanced
• a fixed portion that is allotted (especially in times of scarcity)

verb

• distribute in rations, as in the army
  1. Cigarettes are rationed
  Synonym:ration out
• restrict the consumption of a relatively scarce commodity, as during war
  1. Bread was rationed during the siege of the city

双语例句

• Library'core value; Literature metrology; Ration analysis.
  图书馆核心价值；文献计量学；定量分析。
• I'm going to ration you to a cigarette a day.
  我要按一天一支的定量给你香烟。
• After marriage or divorce, women's responsibility farmland, grain ration farmland and housing sites shall be secured.
  妇女结婚、离婚后，其责任田、口粮田和宅基地等，应当受到保障。
• We have to ration the water.
  我们必须限量用水。
• The Research and Development on Universal Material Ration System
  材料定额系统的通用化研究与开发
• Research on Ration Optimization in GPS Area-Mapping System
  对GPS区域映射系统中比例优化的研究
• Design and development of Local Ration Budget Software System
  地方定额预算软件系统的设计与开发
• The authorities have begun to issue ration cards.
  当局已经开始发放定量配给卡。
• Everybody will get the same ration of provisions and water.
  每人会得到相同等份的食品和淡水。
• They have begun to issue ration cards for basic necessities such as rice and flour.
  他们开始发行用来购买大米、面粉等生活基本必需品的定量配给卡。