lapse

英 [læps]

美 [læps]

n.  小错; (尤指)记错，过失，疏忽; (两件事发生的)间隔时间; 行为失检; (平时表现不错的人一时的)失足
v.  失效; 期满终止; 衰退; 衰弱; (逐渐)消失，结束; 背弃，放弃(宗教信仰)

复数：lapses　过去式：lapsed　过去分词：lapsed　现在分词：lapsing　第三人称单数：lapses　

考研IELTSGRETEM8

Collins.1 / BNC.9458 / COCA.9939

短语用例

lapse into sth

• （逐渐）陷入，进入
  to gradually pass into a worse or less active state or condition
  1. a lapse of concentration/memory
     心不在焉；记错
  2. A momentary lapse in the final set cost her the match.
     她最后一盘稍有失误，输掉了整场比赛。
• 说话或举止显得异常（有时令人难以接受）
  to start speaking or behaving in a different way, often one that is less acceptable
  1. After a lapse of six months we met up again.
     相隔六个月之后我们又相遇了。

牛津词典

noun

• 小错；（尤指）记错，过失，疏忽
  a small mistake, especially one that is caused by forgetting sth or by being careless
  1. a lapse of concentration/memory
     心不在焉；记错
  2. A momentary lapse in the final set cost her the match.
     她最后一盘稍有失误，输掉了整场比赛。
• （两件事发生的）间隔时间
  a period of time between two things that happen
  1. After a lapse of six months we met up again.
     相隔六个月之后我们又相遇了。
• 行为失检；（平时表现不错的人一时的）失足
  an example or period of bad behaviour from sb who normally behaves well

verb

• 失效；期满终止
  to be no longer valid because the period of time that it lasts has come to an end
  1. She had allowed her membership to lapse.
     她的会员资格期满终止，没有再续。
• 衰退；衰弱；（逐渐）消失，结束
  to gradually become weaker or come to an end
  1. His concentration lapsed after a few minutes.
     几分钟后他的注意力就下降了。
• 背弃，放弃（宗教信仰）
  to stop believing in or practising your religion
  1. He lapsed from Judaism when he was a student.
     他当学生时就放弃了犹太教。

柯林斯词典

• N-COUNT 闪失；过失；失检
  Alapseis a moment or instance of bad behaviour by someone who usually behaves well.
  1. On Friday he showed neither decency nor dignity. It was an uncommon lapse.
     星期五那天他的表现既不得体，又有失尊严。如此失态非常少有。
• N-COUNT （一时的）疏忽，大意，开小差
  Alapse ofsomething such as concentration or judgment is a temporary lack of that thing, which can often cause you to make a mistake.
  1. I had a little lapse of concentration in the middle of the race...
     我在比赛中途一时走神。
  2. He was a genius and because of it you could accept lapses of taste...
     由于他是天才，所以品位上偶有差池大家也不会介意。
  3. The incident was being seen as a serious security lapse.
     这一事故被看作是一次严重的安全疏忽。
• VERB 陷入，进入（某种安静或静止状态）
  If youlapse intoa quiet or inactive state, you stop talking or being active.
  1. She muttered something unintelligible and lapsed into silence...
     她不知嘟囔了几句什么后就不再开口。
  2. Doris Brown closed her eyes and lapsed into sleep.
     多丽丝·布朗闭上眼睛，安然入睡。
• VERB （通常指短暂地）进入，陷入（某种说话或行事方式）
  If someonelapses intoa particular way of speaking, or behaving, they start speaking or behaving in that way, usually for a short period.
  1. She lapsed into a little girl voice to deliver a nursery rhyme...
     她改用童声唱起童谣来。
  2. Teenagers occasionally find it all too much to cope with and lapse into bad behaviour.
     青少年偶尔会因感到压力太大无所适从而做出不良行为。
  3. Lapseis also a noun.
     
  4. Her lapse into German didn't seem peculiar. After all, it was her native tongue.
     她冒出几句德语并不足为奇。毕竟那是她的母语。
• N-SING （时间的）间隔
  Alapse oftime is a period that is long enough for a situation to change or for people to have a different opinion about it.
  1. ...the restoration of diplomatic relations after a lapse of 24 years...
     时隔24年后外交关系的恢复
  2. There is usually a time lapse between receipt of new information and its publication.
     新信息的接收与发布之间通常会间隔一段时间。
• VERB （时间）流逝，消逝，推移
  If a period of timelapses, it passes.
  1. New products and production processes are transferred to the developing countries only after a substantial amount of time has lapsed.
     新的产品和生产工序要经过一段相当长的时间后才能向发展中国家转移。
• VERB 结束；终止
  If a situation or legal contractlapses, it is allowed to end rather than being continued, renewed, or extended.
  1. Her membership of the Labour Party has lapsed...
     她已不再是工党党员。
  2. Ford allowed the name and trademark to lapse during the Eighties.
     福特在20世纪80年代废止了该名称和商标。
• VERB 停止信教；背弃信仰；脱离宗教关系
  If a member of a particular religionlapses, they stop believing in it or stop following its rules and practices.
  1. I lapsed in my 20s, returned to it, then lapsed again, while writing the life of historical Jesus...
     我20多岁时曾经停止信教，后来一度又信，再后来撰写历史上耶稣的生平故事时又再脱教。
  2. She calls herself a lapsed Catholic.
     她称自己已不再信仰天主教。

英英释义

noun

• a failure to maintain a higher state
  Synonym:backslidinglapsingrelapserelapsingreversionreverting
• a mistake resulting from inattention
  Synonym:oversight
• a break or intermission in the occurrence of something
  1. a lapse of three weeks between letters

verb

• go back to bad behavior
  1. Those who recidivate are often minor criminals
  Synonym:relapserecidivateregressretrogressfall back
• drop to a lower level, as in one's morals or standards
  Synonym:backslide
• end, at least for a long time
  1. The correspondence lapsed
• pass into a specified state or condition
  1. He sank into nirvana
  Synonym:sinkpass
• pass by
  1. three years elapsed
  Synonym:elapsepassslip byglide byslip awaygo byslide bygo along
• let slip
  1. He lapsed his membership

双语例句

• The incident was being seen as a serious security lapse.
  这一事故被看作是一次严重的安全疏忽。
• On Friday he showed neither decency nor dignity. It was an uncommon lapse.
  星期五那天他的表现既不得体，又有失尊严。如此失态非常少有。
• I lapsed in my 20s, returned to it, then lapsed again, while writing the life of historical Jesus
  我20多岁时曾经停止信教，后来一度又信，再后来撰写历史上耶稣的生平故事时又再脱教。
• He will lapse into a state of despair.
  他会陷入绝望之中。
• Exposure to a gas leak in an abandoned mine induced a former Army Air Corps officer to lapse into a form of suspended animation.
  由于呼吸到了废弃矿井中的泄漏气体，一名前陆军航空队军官陷入了一种假死状态。
• I declined, or rather let lapse, both invitations.
  我对两次邀请都谢绝了，或者让它自然地推诿过去了。
• During a lapse in the conversation, I thanked my host and left.
  在谈话的间歇，我向主人道谢后离开了。
• Teenagers occasionally find it all too much to cope with and lapse into bad behaviour.
  青少年偶尔会因感到压力太大无所适从而做出不良行为。
• The lapse of year will never efface that scene of ruin from my memory.
  时光的流逝绝不会把那废墟的景象从我的记忆中冲淡。
• Her membership of the Labour Party has lapsed
  她已不再是工党党员。