ill

英 [ɪl]

美 [ɪl]

adj.  有病; 不舒服; 坏的; 不良的; 有害的; 不吉利的; 不祥的
adv.  恶劣地; 讨厌地; 差劲; 不足; 困难地
n.  问题; 弊端; 疾病; 伤害; 厄运

复数：ills　

中考高考CET4考研

Oxford 3000 / Collins.4 / BNC.1955 / COCA.2945

同义词辨析

illpoorlysick【导航词义：有病的】

badevilillviciouswicked【导航词义：坏的】

习惯用语

adj.

ill at ease
• 局促不安的
  feeling uncomfortable and embarrassed
• I felt ill at ease in such formal clothes.
  我穿着这样正式的衣服觉得很拘谨。
it's an ill wind (that blows nobody any good)
• 没有绝对的坏事；任何坏事都会有利于某些人
  no problem is so bad that it does not bring some advantage to sb
bad/ill feeling
• 恶感；交恶；不满；反感
  anger between people, especially after an argument or disagreement
• There was a lot of bad feeling between the two groups of students.
  这两群学生互怀敌意。

adv.

speak/think ill of sb
• 说…的坏话；把…往坏处想
  to say or think bad things about sb
• Don't speak ill of the dead.
  对死去的人，别说他的短处。

牛津词典

adj.

• 有病；不舒服
  suffering from an illness or disease; not feeling well
  1. Her father is seriously ill in St Luke's hospital.
     她父亲住在圣路加医院，病情很重。
  2. She was taken ill suddenly.
     她突然病倒了。
  3. We both started to feel ill shortly after the meal.
     我们俩饭后不久就都开始感到不适。
  4. Uncle Harry is terminally ill with cancer (= he will die from his illness) .
     哈里叔叔癌症已到了晚期。
  5. the mentally ill (= people with a mental illness)
     精神病患者
  6. He fell ill and died soon after.
     他病倒不久便去世了。
• 坏的；不良的；有害的
  bad or harmful
  1. He resigned because of ill health (= he was often ill) .
     他因健康状况不佳而辞职。
  2. She suffered no ill effects from the experience.
     这次经历没有使她受到不良影响。
  3. a woman of ill repute (= considered to be immoral)
     名声不好的女人
• 不吉利的；不祥的
  that brings, or is thought to bring, bad luck
  1. a bird of ill omen
     不祥之鸟

adv.

• 恶劣地；讨厌地
  badly or in an unpleasant way
  1. The animals had been grossly ill-treated.
     那些动物受到了恣意虐待。
• 差劲；不足
  badly; not in an acceptable way
  1. They live in an area ill served by public transport.
     他们住在公共交通条件很差的地区。
• 困难地
  only with difficulty
  1. We're wasting valuable time, time we can ill afford.
     我们是在浪费宝贵的时间，我们浪费不起的时间。

noun

• 问题；弊端；疾病
  a problem or harmful thing; an illness
  1. social/economic ills
     社会 / 经济弊病
  2. the ills of the modern world
     现代世界的弊端
• 伤害；厄运
  harm; bad luck
  1. I may not like him, but I wish him no ill.
     我可能不喜欢他，但我并不希望他倒运。

柯林斯词典

• ADJ-GRADED 有病的;不健康的
  Someone who isillis suffering from a disease or a health problem.
  1. In November 1941 Payne was seriously ill with pneumonia...
     1941 年 11 月,佩恩得了严重的肺炎。
  2. I was feeling ill...
     我觉得自己生病了。
  3. If damp, musty buildings make you ill, mould is probably the cause...
     如果潮湿发霉的建筑令你生病了,霉菌很可能是病因。
  4. Two years ago my husband was declared to be terminally ill.
     两年前,我丈夫被诊断患了不治之症。
  5. People who are ill in some way can be referred to as, for example,thementallyill.
     有…病的人
  6. I used to work with the mentally ill...
     我曾经做过一份和精神病人打交道的工作。
  7. She became a nun and cared for the terminally ill for the rest of her life.
     她做了修女,用她的余生照顾患有绝症的人们。

The wordsillandsickare very similar in meaning, but are used in slightly different ways.Illis generally not used before a noun, and can be used in verbal expressions such asfall illandbe taken ill.He fell ill shortly before Christmas… One of the jury members was taken ill.Sickis often used before a noun.…sick children.In British English,illis a slightly more polite, less direct word thansick.Sickoften suggests the actual physical feeling of being ill, for example nausea or vomiting.I spent the next 24 hours in bed, groaning and being sick.In American English,sickis often used where British people would sayill.Some people get hurt in accidents or get sick.
ill 和 sick 意义非常相似, 但是用法略有不同。ill通常不用于名词前, 但可用于 fall ill, be taken ill 等动词词组中, 如He fell ill shortly before Christmas (他圣诞节前不久突然病倒了), One of the jury members was taken ill (陪审团的一名成员突然病了)。sick 常用在名词之前，如 sick children (生病的孩子)。在英国英语中, ill 比 sick 更礼貌委婉。sick 常表示生病时的身体感受, 例如恶心、呕吐等：I spent the next 24 hours in bed, groaning and being sick (接下来的 24 个小时我都躺在床上, 不停地呻吟，感到一阵阵恶心)。英国人常用 ill 的情况在美国英语中更常用 sick: Some people get hurt in accidents or get sick (一些人在事故中受伤或生病)。

• N-COUNT 困难;难题
  Difficulties and problems are sometimes referred to asills.
  1. His critics maintain that he's responsible for many of Algeria's ills.
     他的批评者们坚持认为他应该为阿尔及利亚所面临的许多难题负责任。
  2. ...various potions that would cure all ills.
     解决所有问题的多种方案
• N-UNCOUNT 坏;恶行;伤害
  Illis evil or harm.
  1. They say they mean you no ill.
     他们说他们对你并无恶意。
• ADV-GRADED 同 badly
  Illmeans the same as 'badly'.
  1. The company's conservative instincts sit ill with competition.
     该公司保守的本性不利于竞争。
• ADJ 有害的;讨厌的
  You can useillin front of some nouns to indicate that you are referring to something harmful or unpleasant.
  1. She had brought ill luck into her family...
     她给家庭带来了厄运。
  2. He says that he bears no ill feelings towards Johnson.
     他说他对约翰逊并无恶感。
• PHRASE 承受不起;负担不起
  If you say that someonecan ill afford todo something, orcan ill affordsomething, you mean that they must prevent it from happening because it would be harmful or embarrassing to them.
  1. It's possible he won't play but I can ill afford to lose him...
     有可能他不会上场,但是我几乎承受不起失去他的损失。
  2. We can ill afford another scandal...
     我们经不起再有丑闻出现了。
  3. It's an ignorance we can ill afford.
     这是我们难以承受的无知。
• PHRASE 是坏的征兆
  If somethingbodes illoraugurs ill, it gives you a reason to fear that something harmful might happen soon.
  1. It's an ominous development that may bode ill for the Russian parliament.
     进展很不顺利,对俄罗斯议会来说这可能是个坏兆头。
• PHRASE 突然生病
  If youfall illorare taken ill, you suddenly become ill.
  1. Shortly before Christmas, he was mysteriously taken ill...
     圣诞节前不久,他突然不明原因地病倒了。
  2. She fell ill with measles.
     她患麻疹病倒了。
• PHRASE 不论好歹
  If you say that something is happening or will happenfor good or ill, you mean that it is out of anyone's control whether it happens and what its effects will be.
  1. Recent events should make everyone modest about saying what cannot happen there, for good or ill.
     最近的事件应该会让每个人在预测某处不可能发生什么事时变得谨慎起来,不论是好事还是坏事。
• tospeak ill ofsomeone → see:speak

双语例句

• It's possible he won't play but I can ill afford to lose him
  有可能他不会上场，但是我几乎承受不起失去他的损失。
• Recent events should make everyone modest about saying what cannot happen there, for good or ill.
  最近的事件应该会让每个人在预测某处不可能发生什么事时变得谨慎起来，不论是好事还是坏事。
• His critics maintain that he's responsible for many of Algeria's ills.
  他的批评者们坚持认为他应该为阿尔及利亚所面临的许多难题负责任。
• It got to the point where I was so ill I was waiting to die.
  病到这个程度，我只能等死了。
• He didn't come today; perhaps he's ill.
  他今天没来，许是生病了。
• She was so ill that she was put on a respirator.
  她病得很严重，被戴上了人工呼吸器。
• Perhaps he's ill.
  他也许病了。
• In November 1941 Payne was seriously ill with pneumonia
  1941年11月，佩恩得了严重的肺炎。
• The company's conservative instincts sit ill with competition.
  该公司保守的本性不利于竞争。
• I was feeling ill
  我觉得自己生病了。