chronically

英 ['krɒnɪkli]

美

adv. 慢性地

BNC.15053 / COCA.12807

柯林斯词典

ADJ (疾病、残疾)慢性的，长期的
Achronicillness or disability lasts for a very long time.
1. ...chronic back pain.
  慢性背痛
ADJ 难以根除的;积习难改的
You can describe someone's bad habits or behaviour aschronicwhen they have behaved like that for a long time and do not seem to be able to stop themselves.
1. Anyone who does not believe that smoking is an addiction has never been a chronic smoker.
  不相信抽烟能上瘾的人肯定不是老烟民。
2. ...a chronic worrier.
  总是忧心忡忡的人
ADJ (局势或问题)严重的，顽固的
Achronicsituation or problem is very severe and unpleasant.
1. One cause of the artist's suicide seems to have been chronic poverty...
  那位艺术家自杀的一个原因似乎是极端贫困。
2. There is a chronic shortage of patrol cars in this police district.
  这个治安辖区严重缺乏巡逻车辆。

adv

But many are just chronically unemployed.
但很多人就是长期失业。
To be absolutely sure, check with your doctor first if you are chronically ill.
要绝对相信你的医生检查一次，如果你是慢性病。
People chronically exposed to chlorine develop some degree of tolerance.
人长期接触氯气可以产生某种程度的耐受性。
He was chronically addicted to gambling.
他是个积重难返的老赌棍。
Many factories were chronically overmanned.
很多工厂长期人浮于事。
Recent clinical imaging studies have confirmed that the hippocampus is shrunken in chronically depressed patients.
最近临床脑部造影研究也证实，慢性抑郁患者的海马有萎缩的现象。
Effect of agmatine on the neurons and astrocytes in hippocampus of chronically stressed rats
胍丁胺对慢性应激大鼠海马神经元和星形胶质细胞的影响
One showed that osteopontin expression in the liver was increased in chronically damaged livers.
其中一项研究认为在肝慢性损伤时，骨桥蛋白在肝内的表达增加；
Chronically high levels of insulin raise the risk of heart disease and exacerbate the effect of diabetes.
长期的高胰岛素水平会提高患心脏病的危险并加剧糖尿病的病情。
Most insomniacs, he says, suffer chronically abnormal sleep and would need long-term treatment.
他说：大部分的失眠患者饱受慢性异常睡眠的痛苦，他们将需要长期治疗。